Improvement in air-pumps



than@ nes ROBERT Muncie MARO'HANT, or LONDON, ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 112,060, dated February 21, 1871.

IMPROVEMENT IN AIR-PUMPS.`

i The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT Mobel.: MARCHANT, of London, England, have invented a new and use.-

ful Improvement in Pumps for the Compression of Air, Gases, and other Aerifo'rm Fluids or Vapore, of which the following is' a full, clear, and vexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this speciiication, and iu which- Y Figure l represents a longitudinal 'vertical section of a pump constructed in accordance with my iin-1 provement, and V Figure 2, a plan of the same.

Similar' letters of reference' indicate corresponding parts in both figures. a l

This invention relates to a pump for compressing various aerif'orm uids or vapors, including air,lsteam, or gas, the plunger of which pump, asin the pump for which Letters Patent of the United States were issued to me'on the 20th day of December, 1870, works under water, said water being conned under or between a volume or volumes ot the uid or vapor under compression, by causing'the luidorva por to pass or be delivered by the vbeat of thepump,

and by its lighter specific gravity through the 'darterv from below to a stolz "e chamber use, as required.

The invention consists in a combination of two or more water-chambers, preferably provided `with inor pipe for future let and outlet valves above and below, andhaving'a plunger 'arranged' to work 4alternately in a reverse manner on the water in each pair of said chambers, and so that it causes, in its one stroke; the steam, air, or gas to pass and be delivered up through the water in ,the one chamber; and in its return stroke to be passed by a connecting pipe or passage up through the water in the adjacent chamber where said steam, air, orgas is compressed or made Ito undergo further compression by reason of the reduced capacity of such'adjacent or second chamber as produced by the extension ofthe plungenrod through it.

Underthis combination or arrangement a valve in the plunger or bucket may be dispensed with.

Referring to the accompanying drawing- A 'and B represent two chambers, arranged side by sideat any suitable distance apart and connected iutermediately of their height by a horizontal pumpbarrel, U, that is fitted with a reciprocating plunger, D, the rod D ot' which extends outward through the second chamber B.

The first chamber A, as -also -t-be second chamber B, if desired, is fitted with a lower inlet valve, a, and

upper outlet valve 1), forthe steam air, or gas beingl compressed, anda connection made by a pipe, E, between the upperend of the first chamber and lower end of the second chamber.

lhe operation of the pump is a's follows:

The chambers A and Bjare first filled or partly filled with water above the height at which the plunger stands. Y

This causes .the plunger D, as it is reciprocated alternately, `to raise the water in the one chamber' and to lower it inthe other;

The lowering of the'water iu-thechamber A creatcs a vacuum iu the upper portion of said chamber, into which the steam, air, or gas entering by the one valvega, and passing up through the water is delivered.

This occurs during the back stroke -ofthe plunger relatively to the chamber A.

In the .return stroke of the plunger, the aig, steam, or gas thusstored, is forced out.through the valve 4b oi' the chamber A, and caused to enter by the pipe E the lower end ot' the chamber B, whereit passes up through the water into the vacant space above produced lby the back stroke of the plunger' relatively to said chamber.

In the next return stroke of the plunger the steam, air, or gas thusstored in the second chamber is' compressed or further compressed by reason of the reduced capacity of the chamber B as produced by the rod D passing through it, afresh charge o air, steam, or gas at the same time being drawn into the chamber A. a

, From the chamber' B the steam, air, or gas thus compressed, may be drawn or utilised, as required, or be taken in'a like manner, as before, to a ls'uc# ceeding water-chamber for further compression, the plunger-rod insuch case being of greater diameter where it passes through the additional chamber than at its passage through the second chamber, and so on for any number of water or storing chambers, as desired, according to the amount of compression rcquired, the capacity of .each succeeding chamber being reduced by the varying space occupied by the plunger or its rod in each chamber.

llhe water may be supplied to the chambers by au inlet, c, from a cistern throughthe intervention of a regulating-valve, so that the required quant-ity can be supplied at each stroke of the plunger to make good the loss sustained by leakage and by saturation of the steam, air, or gas passing through said chamber. l

What is here claimed, and'desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1.` The combination of a series of two or more water' and storage-chambers, A B, the pump-barrel and the plunger D withV its rod D', essentiallyvus de- G, the plunger D, with itsrod D', and the connect? scribed. ing-pipe or passage E between each consecutive pair of chmbers, substantially as and forv the purpose or Witnesses:

purposes herein senforth.. I. O. NEWBURN,

"12. ivf. .MAROHANQ 2. The arrangement of the Water and storage- 172 Fleet-street, Lndon. chambers A B, the inlet and outlet valve a b,the GEO. BACON, connecting-pipe or passage E,'tl1e pump-barrel O, 172 Fleet-street,.'Lmzlon. 

